My published papers are collected below. The papers describe my work in the areas mentioned below.
Corrosion in high temperature high-pressure water systems
Influence of process conditions on corrosion (heat flux, mass flow and water-steam ratio)
Pock shaped deposits under influence of nucleate boiling.
Effect of water treatment and fouling on corrosion
Erosion-Corrosion in wet steam
Stress Corrosion Cracking in nuclear and conventional power plants
Stress Corrosion Cracking in district heat systems
KEMCOP® technique (KEMA Corrosion Probe). A discontinuous Corrosion monitoring technique for following the quality of the fire side oxide layer in coal fired boilers and waste incineration plants during full operation. Enrichment of the radioactive lead deposits from condensation can be followed with this technique.
Corrosion in gas ducts
Dew point Corrosion
Corrosion monitoring techniques
Stress Corrosion Cracking in waste heat boilers
General
Microbiological Induced Corrosion (MIC)
Thermodynamic calculations for understanding corrosion and deposition mechanisms
Broad knowledge of oxide and corrosion scales structures
Wally Huijbregts, Renkum, The Netherlands E:mail: wallyhbs@gmail.com
List of publications
Do you want information about one of these papers, mail me.
65
Excel programme for calculation of FAC (Erosion Corrosion) on the basis of the publication of Kastner and Riedle in 1986. Wally Huijbregts 20-may 2011. Nr. 65
64
“Spanningscorrosie in de electriciteitsproductie industrie” Wally Huijbregts Uitgeverij Nassau. Nr. 64.
63
“Corrosie in Condenserende Gassen” Samenvatting Wally Huijbregts Handboek Stoom Uitgeverij Nassau B.V. 2007 maart. Nr. 63.
62
“Corrosion: Environments and Industries” W. Cox W. M.M.Huijbregts R.G.I. Leferink Volume 13C of ASM Handbook 2006. 62 ASM publication 2006
61
“Verdampercorrosie in ketels” Samenvatting Wally Huijbregts Handboek Stoom Uitgeverij Nassau B.V. 2006 augustus pg 7140-1 – 7140-48. Nr. 61.
60
“Erosie-corrosie in water-stoom systemen” Samenvatting. Wally Huijbregts. Handboek Stoom Uitgeverij Nassau B.V. 2006 december pg 7130-1 – 7130-34. Nr 60.
59
Origin of Carbonate; Carbonate Stress Corrosion Cracking in District Heating Systems. Samenvatting. Wally Huijbregts Peter Verbeek René Leferink. Euro Heat & Power Vol 3 no 1 (2006) pg 32-34. Nr 59
58
“Influence of Steel Composition on Strain Induced Corrosion Cracking and Other Types of Corrosion” Summary . W.M.M. Huijbregts R.G.I. Leferink Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials Vol 53 No 1 (2006) pg 3-11. Nr. 58.
57
“Carbonaat spanningscorrosie: een ondergeschoven kindje!!” Samenvatting. Bron van het carbonaat voor SCC in lage druk ketels en stadsverwarmingssystemen. Voordracht Studiekern Corrosie 28 sept 2005. Nr57
56
”Latest advances in the understanding of acid dewpoint corrosion: corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in combustion gas condensates” Summary. W.M.M. Huijbregts R.G.I. Leferink. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials Vol 51 No 3 (2004) pg173-188. Nr. 56.
55
“Severe corrosion in a waste incinerator plant due to flue gas and steam leakage”. Summary. Ton de Weijer Wally Huijbregts. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials Vol. 50 No. 5 (2003) pg 334-340. Nr.55.
54
“Excessieve corrosie door een stoomlekkage in een afvalverbrandingsinstallatie” NCC sector SPEE 3 Juni 2003 Ton de Weijer Wally Huijbregts. Nr54
53
”Nitrate Stress Corrosion Cracking in waste heat recovery boilers; Summary. .R.G.I. Leferink & W.M.M. Huijbregts. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials. Vol 49 (2002) No 2 pg 118-126 . Nr. 53.
52
”Carbonate Stress Corrosion Cracking in District Heating Pipes” Summary. Euroheat & Power Fernwårme international. June 2001 pg 52-58. Wally Huijbregts Toon Beijers René Leferink André Zeijseijnk Jan Peters Peter Verbeek Ruud Bilsen. Nr.52.
51
”Hazardous accumulation of radioactive lead on the water wall tubes in coal fired boilers” Summary. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials. Volume 47 Number 5 2000 pg. 274-279. W.M.M. Huijbregts M.P. de Jong C.W.M. Timmermans. Nr.51.
50
”Corrosion under Low Nox Firing conditions”. Summary. Powergen conference Milan 1998. W.M.M. Huijbregts J. Janssen O. Rens . Nr. 50.
49
”Coal gasification for power generation: material studies.” N.J. Simms F. Bregani W.M.M. Huijbregts E. Kokmeijer J.E. Oakey. COST conference on coal. Belgium Liege 1998″. Nr. 49.
48
”Modelleren van kruipgedrag. Kruipgedrag: kruipproeven en trage trekproeven”. Materialen: Tijdschrift over Materiaalkunde en Materiaaltechnologie. March/April 1998 n° 2 pg. 13-15. T.E.Glazemakers W.M.M. Huijbregts Y.Houbaert. Nr. 48.
47
”Erosion-corrosion in heat exchangers: the value of material specification”. Summary. Euromat 1997 Maastricht. W.M.M. Huijbregts F. Uilhoorn H.C. Wels. Nr. 47.
46
”Corrosie; voorkomen is beter dan genezen. Materiaalkeuze uit corrosie-oogpunt en kostenoverwegingen”. Samenvatting. Voorlichtingsbijeenkomst Innovatie Centrum Netwerk. 29 november 1994. W.M.M. Huijbregts. Nr. 46.
45
”Corrosie in warmtewisselaars; de waarde van een materiaalspecificatie”. Symposium NCC. Corrosie; Fouling en onderhoud van warmtewisselaars; problemen en oplossingen. 2 november 1994. W.M.M. Huijbregts A.G.L. Zeijseink. Nr. 45.
44
”Chromium diffusion coatings for the protection of low-alloy steel in a sulphidizing atmosphere”. Summary. Corrosion Science Vol 35 nos 5-8 pp 1235-1242 1993. G.G.I. Leferink W.M.M. Huijbregts. Nr. 44.
43
”Low Cycle Fatigue Corrosion experiments on sensitized AISI 304 in a refreshed autoclave system”. Summary. 4th workshop on Fracture Mechanics. Prague 13-14 May 1993. W.M.M. Huijbregts P.H. Venderbosch. Nr. 43.
42
”Diffusionsverchromen von schwachlegierten Stahlen als korrosionschutzmasnahme unter sulfidierenden Bedingungen”. VGB Kraftwerkstechnik Vol. 73 No 3 p 269-274 1993. W.M.M. Huijbregts R.G.I. Leferink H. Barten. Nr. 42.
41
”Sulfidation; down-time corrosion and corrosion assisted cracking on high allow materials in synthetic coal gasifier environment”. Summary Materials for Coal Gasification Power Plant. International Workshop Petten 14-16 june 1993. W.M.M. Huijbregts E. Kokmeijer H.G. van Zuilen. Nr. 41.
40
“Laboruntersuchungen nach Korrosionsermüdung im Zusammenhang mit Schaden in Speisswasserentgassen” . Zusammenfassung VGB Kraftwerstechnik Vol. 72 N0 10 p. 908-913 1992. W.M.M. Huijbregts P.H. Venderbosch E. Kokmeijer. Nr. 40 .
43
”Low Cycle Fatigue Corrosion experiments on sensitized AISI 304 in a refreshed autoclave system”. Summary. 4th workshop on Fracture Mechanics. Prague 13-14 May 1993. W.M.M. Huijbregts P.H. Venderbosch. Nr. 43.
42
”Diffusionsverchromen von schwachlegierten Stahlen als korrosionschutzmasnahme unter sulfidierenden Bedingungen”. VGB Kraftwerkstechnik Vol. 73 No 3 p 269-274 1993. W.M.M. Huijbregts R.G.I. Leferink H. Barten. 42 chromium diffusion
41
”Sulfidation; down-time corrosion and corrosion assisted cracking on high allow materials in synthetic coal gasifier environment”. Summary Materials for Coal Gasification Power Plant. International Workshop Petten 14-16 june 1993. W.M.M. Huijbregts E. Kokmeijer H.G. van Zuilen. 41 Coal Gasification Pette
40
“Laboruntersuchungen nach Korrosionsermüdung im Zusammenhang mit Schaden in Speisswasserentgassen” . Zusammenfassung VGB Kraftwerstechnik Vol. 72 N0 10 p. 908-913 1992. W.M.M. Huijbregts P.H. Venderbosch E. Kokmeijer. 40 korrosionsermudung vgb 1992
39
“Onderzoek naar de corrosieweerstand van verdamperpijpmateriaal in reducerende stookgasatmosfeer”. Materialen Vo. No. 9. p 21-31. 1991. W.M.M. Huijbregts R.G.I. Leferink H.G. van Zuilen. 39 Red Stookgasatmosfeer
38
“Corrosieonderzoek met betrekking tot elektriciteitsopwekking”. Chemisch Magazine Vol. No 5. p259-267. 1990. W.M.M. Huijbregts. 38 Electriciteitsopwekking
37
“Corrosie-aspecten onder reducerende stooktechnieken”. Elektrotechniek vol. 67 No. 7. p 633-640. 1989. W.M.M. Huijbregts N. Bolt J.G. Witkamp. 37 Red Stooktechnieken
36
“Electrochemical Screening of several alloys for use in a flue-gas desulfurisation prescrubber”. Summary. KEMA Scientific & Technical Reports Vol. 7. No 6 p 401-408. 1989. L.M. Butter E.J.A. Vogelaar W.M.M. Huijbregts. 36 1989 ROI
35
“De invloed van pH en het O2-gehalte in het ketelwater op de vervormingsgeinduceerde corrosie van laaggelegeerde staalsoorten”. . Materialen Vol. No 2. p 49-55. 1988. W.M.M. Huijbregts. 35 VIC materialen 1988
34
“Experimental decontamination of a reactor-water clean-up line at the Dodewaard nuclear power plant by means of the LOMI proces”. KEMA Scientific & Technical Reports Vol. 5 No 12. p 293-316. 1987. (JAF conference Tokio 1987) Letschert P.J.C.- L.M. Butter- M.G. Segal- W.M.M. Huijbregts.
33
“Deposition of CRUD in BWR water on various steels exposed in the Dodewaard nuclear power plant”. Summary. KEMA Scientific & Technical Reports Vol 4 No 2. p 15-25 1986. (JAF conference Tokio 1987) W.M.M. Huijbregts- P.J.C. Letschert .
32
“Corrosion Potential Measurements in Boiler water:. Summary. The Influence of Oxygen Content”. Corrosion Vol 42. No 2. p120-123. 1986. W.M.M. Huijbregts- G.A.A. van Osch. 32 Corrosion Potential
31
“Oxygen and Corrosion Potential effects on Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking”. Summary. Corrosion Vol 42 No 8 p 456-462. 1986. W.M.M. Huijbregts. 31 SCC RVS O2 Cl
30
“Application of constant extension rate technique in a sulfidising gas at high temperatures”. KEMA Scientific & Technical Reports Vol. 4. No 4. p35-044. 1986. W.M.M. Huijbregts- B.J. Knapen- T. Fransen. 30 CERT sulfidising
29
“Selection of High Alloyed steels for seawater-cooled Condenser”. Summary ACOM Avesta Corrosion Management Vol. No 3-4. p12-14. 1986. L.M. Butter- A.H.M. Keller- H.B.J. Klein Avink- W.M.M. Huijbregts. 29 1986 zeewater
28
“Deposition and erosion-corrosion rippling in boiler tubes”. Summary. KEMA Scientific & Technical reports Vol.3 No 2. p33-41. 1985. W.M.M. Huijbregts
27
“Erosion-Corrosion of carbon steel in wet steam”. Materials Performance Vol. 23. No 10. pp 39-45. 1984. W.M.M. Huijbregts 27 erosion Mat Perf 100823
26
“Spleetcorrosie in zeewater- elektrochemisch gemeten”. Polytechnisch Tijdschrift Procestechniek. Materialen en Constructies Vol. 39. juni. p44-46. 1984. W.M.M. Huijbregts- H.G. van Zuilen . 26 spleetcorrosie electrochemie
25
”Spleetcorrosie expositieproeven in zeewater” Polytechnisch Tijdschrift Procestechniek. Materialen en Constructies Vol. 39. aug. p40-42. 1984. L.M. Butter- W.M.M. Huijbregts . 25 spleetcorrosie expositie
24
“Gebruik van hooggelegeerd staal bij elektriciteitscentrales- corrosie”. Polytechnisch Tijdschrift Prcestechniek. Materialen en Constructies Vol. 38. no 8. p37-44. 1983. W.M.M. Huijbregts . 24 hoog gelegeerd staal
23
“Corrosion of unalloyed steels in different alkaline solutions at high temperatures and under high pressures”. Summary KEMA Scientific & Technical Reports Vol. 1. no 1. p1-9 1983. W.M.M. Huijbregts .
22
“The influence of chemical composition of carbon steel on erosion Corrosion in wet steam” . Specialist’s meeting on Corrosion erosion of steels in high temperature water and wet steam Les Renardieres. 11-12 May 1982. W.M.M. Huijbregts.. 22 erosion Les Renardieres
21
”The resistance of unalloyed steel against erosion-corrosion in wet steam environments”. 8 th International Conference on Metallic corrosion. Mainz 1981 pp 624-629. W.M.M. Huijbregts- J.E. Koetsier. 21 EC Mainz
20
“Bestimmung der Korrosionsanfalligkeit von Verdamperrohren”. Zusammenfassung. VGB Kraftwerkstechnik vol. 9. no 9. p 773-782. 1981. W.M.M. Huijbregts. 20 Bestimmung Verdampferohren
19
“Corrosie-onderzoek aan hooggelegeerde stalen”. Samenvatting. Elektrotechniek Vol. 59. No 11. p 663-670. 1981.W.M.M. Huijbregts . 19 Hooggelegeerd staal Inc 800
18
“Eine Referenzelektrode fur Potentialmessungen in hochtemperatur- und Hochdruckwasser”. VGB Krafwerkstechnik Vol. 60. no 4. p 280-283. 1980. W.M.M. Huijbregts- G.A.A. van Osch.
17
“De gevarendriehoek voor verdampercorrosie”. Elektrotechniek Vol 57. no 5. p. 342-352. 1979. W.M.M. Huijbregts. 17 Gevarendriehoek
16
“Vorming van beschermende deklagen op aluminiummessing condensorpijpen in kunstmatig zeewater”. Elektrotechniek Vol 57. no 4. p. 242-252. 1979. W.M.M. Huijbregts . 16 Messing
15
“Invloed van ketelslib bij het ontstaan van on-load corrosie door zuur in verdampers”. Samenvatting. Elektrotechniek Vol 55. No. 5. p 317-324. 1977. W.M.M. Huijbregts- B. Steentjes. 15 ketelslib
14
”On-load corrosion and laboratory test methods” Proceedings Eurocor 77 sept 1977 London pp 329-334. W.M.M. Huijbregts
13
“Acid Corrosion Resistance of Boiler steels”. Summary. Materials Performance Vol. 16. No 5. p23-27. 1977. W.M.M. Huijbregts .13_acidcorrosionB
12
”De corrosiegevoeligheid van lasverbindingen in verdampers”. Polytechnisch Tijdschrift- Werktuigbouw. vol 30. febr 1975. pp 73-83. W.M.M. Huijbregts- J. van der Meer . 12 lascorrosie B
11
“Influence of heat transport- deposits and condensor leakages upon corrosion in steam generators”. Summary. VGB Kraftwerkstechnik Vol 55. no 1. pp 26-39. 1975. Huijbregts- W.M.M. Jelgersma- J.H.N. A. Snel. 11 Influence of heat transport
10
“Microscopie bij het ketelcorrosieonderzoek” Samenvatting. Elektrotechniek vol. 49. no 6 p254-259. 1971. W.M.M. Huijbregts. .10 Microscopie
9
“Verdamping; vorming van afzettingen en corrosieschade”. Elektrotechniek vol. 50. no 2. pp 195-202. 1972. W.M.M. Huijbregts (pdf 1.1 Mb) 09 Verdamping
8
”The protection effectiveness of magnetite layers in relation to boiler corrosion” . Summary. 5 th International Congress on Metallic Corrosion. Tokio. 1972. W.M.M. Huijbregts- A. Snel.. 08 Tokio
7
“Anwendung von Elektrochemische Messungen bei der Erfoschung von Corrosion in Hochdruckwasser”. Zusammenfassung. Allianz Berichte Vol. 16. no 4. p 16-21. 1971. W.M.M. Huijbregts- A. Snel. . 07 Anwendung
6
“Der Einfluss von Kupfer und Kupferoxide auf die Korrosion von Kesselstahl”. VGB Mitteilungen vol. 51. no 3. p229. 1971. W.M.M. Huijbregts. Effect of Copper and Copper Oxide on Corrosion of Boiler Steels. Translated by CEGB Information Services .(pdf 0.98 Mb) 06 koperoxide
5
“Einfluss von Chlorid auf die Korrosion von Eisen und niedriglegierten Stahlen bei 310 ° C und 100 at.”. VGB Speissewassertagung Essen. oct. 1970. W.M.M. Huijbregts.05 Einfluss Chlorid
4
“De vorming van magnetiet als gevolg van en als bescherming tegen corrosie”. Water Vol. 54. No 3. p 139-143. 1970. Elektrotechniek Vol 48. mei 1970 pp 485-489. W.M.M. Huijbregts. .04 vorming magnetiet
3
“De invloed van fosfaat op de corrosiesnelheid van ketelstaal en ijzer”. Water Vol. 54. No 2. p 75-83. 1970. Electrotechniek Vol 47 aug 1969 pp 369-377. W.M.M. Huijbregts . .03 fosfaat corrosie
2
”The oxidation of iron in high temperature high pressure water” 4 th International Conference on Metallic Corrosion. Amsterdam 1969. W.M.M. Huijbregts- G. van Osch- A. Snel . 02 polarisation Amsterdam
1
“Oxidation of niobium coated with aluminium in steam-air mixtures” available as Summary. Serai Journ. Intern d’etude sur l’Oxydation des metaux Brussel pg 61-69. 1965. W.M.M. Huijbregts- M.J. Brabers. (pdf available).. Nr 1
Heat flux corrosie is over het algemeen het gevolg van een aantal
ongunstige factoren, zoals te hoge warmtebelasting, te laag massatransport of
een te hoge stoomfractie in de pijpen, aanwezigheid van afzettingen op de pijpoppervlakken
en onvoldoende waterkwaliteit. De invloed van bepaalde onzuiverheden in het
ketelwater op corrosie kan goed worden bestudeerd met experimenten in
autoclaven.
Om de verschillende dynamische factoren in het corrosie onderzoek te
onderzoeken had KEMA een experimentele ketelinstallatie gebouwd. In de testpijpen
kon warmtebelasting, de tweefasenstroom van het waterstoommengsel en de samenstelling
van het doorstromende water worden ingesteld.
Zie voor de resultaten op Heat Flux Corrosie papers nr: 11 en 61
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Increasing flow resistance rippling formation of the oxide layer is sometimes observed in high pressure supercritical boilers, resulting in a lower boiler efficiency. In 1968 Grosskraftwerk Mannheim (GKM) started a detailed research project on operational boiler tubes (Schuster, 1971; Schoch et al., 1972). A few years later, the University of Stuttgart joined GKM in a study in greater depth the results of which have been published too (Pfau et al., 1978). In the German study flow resistance had increased to approx. 50% due to rippling in the oxide layer on the tube wall across the direction of flow. Ripple height was 1-5 ltm and ripple intervals were 30-100 pm. Ripples in the samples appeared as undulations in the oxide layer. The steel oxide front was straight and there was no corrosion below the thinner oxide areas.
Example of the rippling pattern in the oxide layer.
KEMA has started a program to complement the German research and focuses on the effects of steel quality and heat flux. One experiment was done under supercritical and one under subcritical conditions. Because of experience gained from the German studies, a variety of steel and tube types were used in the KEMA project.
